Các dạng câu giao tiếp trong tiếng Anh Mỗi nước trên thế giới lại có văn hóa khác nhau, và việc lấy văn hóa nước này áp đặt cho nước khác thì sẽ rất dễ dẫn tới những sự sai sót, hiểu nhầm. Trong đề thi đại học các năm cũng đã xuất hiện những dạng câu như thế, và nếu ta không học trước mà chỉ dịch nghĩa hay đoán mò thì gần như sẽ khó mà ăn điểm ở những câu như vậy. Bài hôm nay chúng ta sẽ đến với các tình huống giao tiếp và cách trả lời sao cho đúng để có thể kiếm được toàn bộ số điểm của dạng bài này. 1. Dạng câu đề nghị ai đó giúp mình. -V.inf.........! -V.inf.......,please! -Can you+V.inf.....? -Could you+V.inf........? -Would you please+V.inf.......? -Would/Do you mind+V.ing.......? -Will you+V.inf.......? -I wonder if you’d/could+V.inf.....? Đáp lại các mẫu câu trên: Đồng ý: -Certainly -Of course -Sure -No problem -What can I do for you? -How can I help you? -By all means -Yes, with pleasure Không đồng ý: -I’m sorry. I can’t. I’m busy -I’m sorry. I don’t know how to do it Riêng mẫu: Would/Do you mind+V.ing......? thì đáp lại là: -No, I don’t mind -No, of course not -Not at all -I’m sorry. I can’t. I have something else to do Ví dụ 1: Ann:” .................” A man: “I’m sorry. I can’t. I’m new here A.Could you please show me the way to the post office? B.Can you swim? C.I’ve lost my wallet D.Can anyone tell me why my camera is out of order? Ví dụ 2: Peter:”Would you mind locking the door when you leave?” Linda:”..........................” A.Yes, I would B. Sure C. Why not? D.Not at all 2. Mẫu câu đề nghị giúp đỡ người khác. -Can I help you? -Shall I+V.inf........? -What can I do for you? -May I help you? -Do you need any help? -Let me help you Đáp lại các mẫu câu trên: Đồng ý: -Yes/No. Thank you -That’s very kind of you -Don’t worry!I’ll do it -That would be great -Oh, would you really?Thanks a lot Không đồng ý: -Well, that’s very kind of you, but I think I can manage, thanks -No,thank you. I can manage Ví dụ 1:Shop assistant:”Let me help you find the right shoes” Mrs.Smith:”................” A.It is cheap? Thank you B.It’s a good question C.That’s very kind of you D. I bet you will Ví dụ 2:Joan”...............” Linda”No,thank you” A.What’s the matter with you? B. Will you go to the supermaket C.Can I get you somthing to drink? D.What do you think about the food? 3.MẪU CÂU XIN PHÉP(Asking for permission) -May I+V.inf..........? -Can I+V.inf............? -Would you mind if I+động từ chia quá khứ đơn -Do you mind if I+ động từ chia hiện tại đơn -Excuse me! My I+V.inf........? -Do you think I could+V.inf...........? -I wonder if I could+V.inf..........? -Is it all right if I could/can+ V.inf.........? Đáp lại các mẫu câu trên: Đồng ý: -Certainly -Of course -Please do -Please go ahead -Sure Không đồng ý thì : -I’d rather you didn’t -I’d prefer you didn’t -No, I’m afraid you can’t -I’m sorry, but you can’t Ví dụ 1: The man: “Do you mind if I smoked here?” The woman: “.....................” A.Yes, I do B. No,thank you C.I’d rather you didn’t D.Yes, please Ví dụ 2: Lili: “.................” Christina: “Please go ahead!” A.Where is the post office? B. Is it far from here? C.Do you mind going there on foot? D.Do you mind if I sit here 4. CÁC MẪU CÂU GỢI Ý( making suggestion) -Let’s+V.inf.......? -Why don’t we+V.inf.........? -Sall we+V.inf....? -How about +V.ing? -What about+V.ing? -I think we should+V.inf -I suggest that we+V.inf -I think the best way of dealing with this situatation would be+ to V.inf -If you ask me, I think we should/could+V.inf Đáp lại các mẫu câu hỏi trên: -Yes, let’s -That’s a good idea -Yes, definitely -Sure, why not? -By all means -That’s probably the best option. -No, let’s not Ví dụ 1: Victor: “Shall we go to the cinema?” Bean: “.............” A.Yes,let’s B.yes, we shall C. Yes, let us D.Yes,I am Ví dụ 2: William: “ Let’s go to China town to have dinner!” His friends: “......................” A.Yes, please B. No, we don’t C. Sure, why not? D.Of course 6. MẪU CÂU CẢM ƠN(Saying thank) -Thank you -Thank you very much -Thanks a lot -Thanks a lot for(N/V.ing) -It’s very kind of you Đáp lại các mẫu trên: -You’re welcome -That’s all right -Not at all -It’s my pleasure -Don’t mentinon it 7. MẪU CÂU MỜI: a, Mời ăn uống: -Would you like+món ăn/ đồ uống Trả lời: -Yes, please -No, thanks b, Mời đi đau/làm gì: -Would you like +to inf? -Do you fancy+V.ing? -Do you feel like+V.ing? Trả lời: -Yes, I’d love to(thanks) -That’s very kind of you,thanks -That sounds lovely(interesting) -That’s a good idea. Thanks -That would be great. Thanks -I’m sorry. I’m afraid I can’t -That’s very kind of you, but.............. Ví dụ 1: Tommy: “Would you like to see a movie tonight?” Gorge: “...................” A.Yes, by all means B. Really? C.Why don’t you ask me early? D. That sounds lovely Ví dụ 2:Kate: “Would you like some more wine?” Jack: “...............” A.No, I wouldn’t B. Oh! I’m so thirsty C.No, I’m not D.Sorry, I can’t drink wine 8. CÁC MẪU CÂU CHÚC MỪNG - I’ve passed the entrance exam -I’ve got a driving licene -.................. Đáp lại các mẫu câu trên -You did a great job! -Congratulation -Excellent! -Well done! Ví dụ : Sam: “I’ve won some lottery tickets!” Laura: “...............” A.How come! B.It’s rediculous C.Congratulations! D.How stupid! 9.CÁC MẪU CÂU XIN LỖI (Saying sorry) -I’m very/extremely/awfully/terribly+sorry -Sorry.It’s/was my fault -I do apologise -Please accept my apologies -I’m sorry for+N/V-ing Đáp lại các câu hỏi trên: -That’s all right, ok -Not too worried! -No need to apologize -Don’t worry about it! -Never mind! Ví dụ 1: Mike: “I’m sorry for coming late” Lily: “.............” A.Never mind! B. Shut up! C. Stand there! D. Sit down Ví dụ 2: John: “ Sorry. It’s my fault. I misunderstood the instruction” Sam: “................” Everything will be all right” A.Go ahead! B.Keep it a secret! C. Why not? D. Not too worried 10. CÁC CÂU LỜI KHEN(Compliments) -You really have+positive adjective+Noun I’ve never seen such a perfect thing on you -Your+noun+is/was+ positive adjective! -You are a/an+positive adjective +Noun! -What(a/an)+ positive adjective+complement -How+ positive adjective/adverb+Subject+Verb! Đáp lại các câu hỏi trên: -It’s very kind of you to say so, thank you! -Thank you. That’s a nice copliment -Thanks. I think I’ve finally found(the color, the style, the way...) that+Verb -I’m glad you likeit, thanks -You’ve got to be kidding/You must be kidding. I thought it was terrible Ví dụ 1: Peter: “Your hair style is terrific, Cindy” Cindy: “Thanks. I think I’ve found a style that looks decent and is easy to handle Ví dụ 2:Phil: “You’re a great dancer, Huong. I wish I could do half as well as you Huong: “Thanks,Phil.That’s a nice compliment!” 11.CÁC MẪU CÂU THỂ HIỆN Ý PHỊ HỌA -Mệnh đề ở dạng khẳng định,=>So+.....+S S+.......,too -Mệnh đề ở dạng phủ định=>neither+...........+S S+.............+not,either Ví dụ 1: Steve: “I’m fond of Italian spagetty” Sarah: “Me,too/So am I” Ví dụ 2:Kate: “This evening,I can’t come to Peter’s brithday party. I have to finish my assignment” Gorge:Neither can I